Choose a reasonable repair method can effectively reduce project costs, shorten the construction period and reduce the negative impact on the environment , traffic . Various mechanic method has its own unique side, there are common basic points can learn from each other through . From that point, the classification of trenchless repair technology electrofusion coupling mould induction, to further understanding and promotion of trenchless repair technology will be beneficial.
A repair method of classification
1, according to the useful life can be divided into temporary and long-term repair ( permanent ) repair ;
2, according to construction methods can be divided into grouting , embedded reinforcing method , coating method, and lined pipe collars law method ;
3, according to the repair site can be divided into point-like repair and overall repair two major categories ;
4, according to the purpose of the repair can be divided into anti-leakage type , corrosion -and strengthen the structure type categories.
Second, the repair methods
By punctate repairs and repairs to the whole division, is a basic method sewer repair technology classification.
1 , point-like many pipeline repair damage only occurs at the interface part of the pipeline , if only to repair the interface , which is called point-like repair (SpotRepair). Point into the interface embedded complement repair , grouting , collar law , local cured resin . Many damaged pipelines lives less than a decade , tube structure intact, but the interface leakage . For this type of pipeline repair using point is reasonable . Early point-like repair method is relatively simple, relying on staff access to repair leaks in the pipe directly , it can only be used over 800mm diameter pipes . ( 1 ) Interface embedded complement
Interface is the application of the first embedded complement trenchless pipe repair technology , first fill material embedded in cement mortar , chiseled after the old joints, finishing with quick dry cement or asbestos cement expansion manually embedded complement . In recent years, chemical materials increased, tar epoxy mortar , polysulfide sealants , polyurethane vinegar began to replace cement mortar. Chemical mould maker seal material has good flexibility , good resistance to deformation than the cement mortar.
Interface embedded complement although cheap , there is no impact on the flow cross-section , but poor quality stability . If staking cleaning is not clean, not dense embedded complement , these human factors can affect the reliability of the repair . In addition , the interface embedded complement duration is relatively long ( 2 ) grouting
Through the tube and interface parts soil grouting , plugging groundwater seepage into the pipeline route is yet another point-like repair methods . According to different grouting materials can be divided into two types of cement grouting and chemical grouting ; according to setting mode grouting pipe can be divided into the tube ( outside ) drilling grouting and ground ( down ) two drilling grouting . Grouting from the ground down there is a big blind should not place more than note the note , the note of the ground ( such as the bottom part of the tube ) is difficult to inject enough .
In recent years, small pipe tube grouting technology has also made great progress. The airbag will be closed on both sides of the interface , and then injected into the joints of chemical pulp , chemical pulp curing water swelling soon after plugging leaks . And other engineering methods compared to the relatively poor reliability grouting . Therefore, its use in the United States and Japan are subject to certain restrictions , such as the requirement to conduct post- grouting visit every six months , or leakage should not use more than a certain amount and so on. Grouting is often used as an adjunct or temporary plugging method of application , generally can not use the law as an independent work . Grouting is usually embedded reinforcing method and interface combined effects of ( 3 ) sets of the Tour de France
Mounting interface sealing collar portion is a common point repair methods . The vast majority of the Tour de France sets quality stability than the embedded reinforcing method is good, and fast construction speed , but the collar method has some influence on the flow. Collar method can be divided into the following categories:
① Antao ring scaffolds can be divided into : ordinary steel rings, stainless steel rings , PVC sleeve ring.
② Press the seal can be divided into : rubber water seals ( ribbon ) , rubber sealing rings ("O" type ) seals , PE water stop seal ( ribbon ) , polyurethane grouting . ③ by way of installation : can be divided into manual installation ( diameter 800mm and above) and airbags plastic injection mould installed ( diameter 800mm or less ) .
Rings have been used :
① ordinary steel rings : steel rings into the 2-3 valve assembly in the tube , collar lined with rubber water in between the main pipe . Pipeline wrong port or interface injustice often affect the sealing effect , ordinary steel rings easily rust.
4 ) partial curing resin
The partial gelling is actually a method for repairing the whole point repair practice , there are two kinds :
① artificial fiberglass Interface : personnel into the tube , embedded interfaces do first up , and then in the interface area to do fiberglass liner.
② local forming felt tube airbags : filling resin coated tube with a balloon felt so close to the main pipe , and then heat cured with ultraviolet light and other methods . Felt barrel shaped balloon partially whole scene is actually a method of curing localized approach.
2, the overall repair
If a pipe repair from start to finish , this is called the overall repair (wholerpair). Overall repair is the entire pipe between two manholes reinforcement repair , this repair can be divided into two categories : one is the coating, and the other is the liner method. Coating method is suitable for the diameter of 800mm or more, anti-corrosion, anti-seepage pipes for the purpose of repair .
Liner can not only repair the pipeline corrosion, seepage and can increase the structural strength of the pipe . Liner construction method is fast , reliable , and therefore has become the mainstream of trenchless sewer repair . But the cost is correspondingly higher loss of some liner construction method is relatively large cross-section of the pipeline .
( 1 ) coating method (coating)
Coating method to enhance the role of the structural strength does not only play a role in anti-corrosion and anti-seepage . Little impact on the pipeline coating method section , the relatively low prices, but long duration, reliability, poor quality , pipeline construction cleaning process , temperature, ventilation , personnel quality will affect the repair quality.
2014年1月6日星期一
Three typical mold steel to become the market leader in the development of
It is well known in the industry, automobile manufacturing, large stamping equipment, mobile phones and other digital products, injection molding process, mold steel must be used, due to the new requirements to improve product safety and quality, but also quietly die steel plastic injection mould in upgrading. Automobile mold steel into upgrading product quality to enhance the safety requirements phase, the current mold steel used in some companies can no longer meet the requirements of the new standards, mold steel into a replacement stage, such as automotive stamping companies, need to use better hardness and toughness of steel, while stamping prevent breakage and protect the hardness stampings. All involving injection molding, casting, stamping products, need to use tool steel, at present, due to the technical limitations of the domestic manufacturing industry, most high-quality steel mold needs to rely on foreign imports to fill the gap. Model replacement is tapping tee electrofusion mould inevitable, because the needs of the community is always moving forward, consumer demand for quality, appearance and other requirements continue to increase, companies can only strive to increase research and development efforts to develop new products to meet the diverse requirements of the market.
Currently, there are three typical steel mold steel flame become the meat and potatoes on the market for sophisticated automotive mold manufacturing, to significantly enhance the quality of sophistication, a wide range of flame hardened steel, thermal sensitivity of small, widely used in various precision manufacturing. Its flexibility and stability, and not deformed. Compared with the precision and flexibility of these two die steel, tool steel is supposed to be economic, it made a pre-hardening process in the factory, due to the current high-end digital products selling, buying directly after processing, reduce heat treatment midway link, save the economic cost, high economic efficiency. Users how to choose mold steel
A typical three new die steel, strengths, the electrofusion coupling mould user at the time of purchase, how to choose? The user selects when mold steel, mainly from the performance, use, quality, economic efficiency departure, manufacturing precision products, should take into account the long-term quality, it is recommended to buy flame steel, and some no specific accuracy requirements can Choose more good economic returns above three die steel mold steel, is a typical model after upgrading industrial materials, outlines three major areas of use, performance, quality, etc., so companies use to meet the needs of users according to their requirements , you can choose yourself.
Currently, there are three typical steel mold steel flame become the meat and potatoes on the market for sophisticated automotive mold manufacturing, to significantly enhance the quality of sophistication, a wide range of flame hardened steel, thermal sensitivity of small, widely used in various precision manufacturing. Its flexibility and stability, and not deformed. Compared with the precision and flexibility of these two die steel, tool steel is supposed to be economic, it made a pre-hardening process in the factory, due to the current high-end digital products selling, buying directly after processing, reduce heat treatment midway link, save the economic cost, high economic efficiency. Users how to choose mold steel
A typical three new die steel, strengths, the electrofusion coupling mould user at the time of purchase, how to choose? The user selects when mold steel, mainly from the performance, use, quality, economic efficiency departure, manufacturing precision products, should take into account the long-term quality, it is recommended to buy flame steel, and some no specific accuracy requirements can Choose more good economic returns above three die steel mold steel, is a typical model after upgrading industrial materials, outlines three major areas of use, performance, quality, etc., so companies use to meet the needs of users according to their requirements , you can choose yourself.
2014年1月2日星期四
Plastic mold development is inseparable from the project support
At present, China's consumption of plastic has been ranked first in the world, but per capita consumption is only 1/7 industrial countries, 1/4 Industrial moderately developed countries, this aspect of our existence reflects the gap, on the other hand demonstrated China's industrial and plastic mold industry a huge space for development of plastic. Development of the plastic mold industry must rely on national key construction projects, to develop precision plastic injection molds, mold coverage and large injection mold; simultaneously by accelerating corporate mergers and acquisitions and product upgrading, narrowing the distance between the countries, so plastic coupler fittings mould that our plastic mold industry sustained and healthy development.
Arbitrariness of large plastic mold steel, carbon steel and 80% of 40Cr steel. For complex, precision molds, in order to avoid heat deformation, usually in annealing, normalizing state or quenched state processing used, so life is only similar foreign molds 1/10 to 1/2. Domestic automobile enterprises are willing to choose plastic mold Germany, Japan, Sweden, three series of die steel, but in the country to buy European steel mold, prices are often higher than the 30% to 40%, seriously affecting the competitiveness of domestic mold. Look at the precision molds, mold manufacturing and life cycle. Japan's auto mold accuracy up to 0.02mm, precision plastic mold parting controlled 0.01mm, while the domestic automobile molds brands, more than 25%, some 50% or more, many companies tend to be most enterprise workers interchangeable in technology and production jobs. Training of trainers and high-end CNC machine operation skills of domestic mold lack of high-tech enterprise employees processing technology, in a way that also affected the utilization of high-end equipment. Die low proportion of technical personnel of enterprises, most enterprises between 15% to 20%, and lower integrated development capability. Mold factory often and materials manufacturers, product manufacturers to develop; injection molding factory with material manufacturers will jointly pipe reducing coupling mould develop new models; brand plastic vendors and brand car companies jointly developed a new plastic and steel products. Such strong cooperation, so that enterprises have a strong R & D capability. Chinese enterprises in innovation, greater R & D capability gaps. "Luo Hui pointed out that China plastic mold industry in the current and future development, to work closely with key project of the steel, automobile, petrochemical, shipbuilding, light industry, textile, nonferrous metals, electronic information, these nine national defense industries, to enhance large mold, precision injection molds, high-grade standard mold manufacturing capacity; achieve localization tool steel and high quality, improving mold material supply system injection mould to provide a more comprehensive variety of sizes and grades of material, and greatly reduce mold manufacturing enterprises preparation period; improve mold new materials, new technology and new plastic molding, high strength, high toughness, high temperature plastics research and development capabilities; improve the overall level of enterprise information management and integrated manufacturing mold.
Arbitrariness of large plastic mold steel, carbon steel and 80% of 40Cr steel. For complex, precision molds, in order to avoid heat deformation, usually in annealing, normalizing state or quenched state processing used, so life is only similar foreign molds 1/10 to 1/2. Domestic automobile enterprises are willing to choose plastic mold Germany, Japan, Sweden, three series of die steel, but in the country to buy European steel mold, prices are often higher than the 30% to 40%, seriously affecting the competitiveness of domestic mold. Look at the precision molds, mold manufacturing and life cycle. Japan's auto mold accuracy up to 0.02mm, precision plastic mold parting controlled 0.01mm, while the domestic automobile molds brands, more than 25%, some 50% or more, many companies tend to be most enterprise workers interchangeable in technology and production jobs. Training of trainers and high-end CNC machine operation skills of domestic mold lack of high-tech enterprise employees processing technology, in a way that also affected the utilization of high-end equipment. Die low proportion of technical personnel of enterprises, most enterprises between 15% to 20%, and lower integrated development capability. Mold factory often and materials manufacturers, product manufacturers to develop; injection molding factory with material manufacturers will jointly pipe reducing coupling mould develop new models; brand plastic vendors and brand car companies jointly developed a new plastic and steel products. Such strong cooperation, so that enterprises have a strong R & D capability. Chinese enterprises in innovation, greater R & D capability gaps. "Luo Hui pointed out that China plastic mold industry in the current and future development, to work closely with key project of the steel, automobile, petrochemical, shipbuilding, light industry, textile, nonferrous metals, electronic information, these nine national defense industries, to enhance large mold, precision injection molds, high-grade standard mold manufacturing capacity; achieve localization tool steel and high quality, improving mold material supply system injection mould to provide a more comprehensive variety of sizes and grades of material, and greatly reduce mold manufacturing enterprises preparation period; improve mold new materials, new technology and new plastic molding, high strength, high toughness, high temperature plastics research and development capabilities; improve the overall level of enterprise information management and integrated manufacturing mold.
2014年1月1日星期三
China's mold industry will be the high road by car dies
China's mold is the only way for enterprises to develop high-end line of automotive die.
According to statistics, last year China's key enterprises reached nearly 110 die, which accounts for about 37% of stamping dies, these data demonstrated a strong automotive mold manufacturing country, China has become a fact. However, the development of China's automotive die but not so ideal, high-end automotive mold enterprise technology is not up to the level of technological innovation capability, inadequate new mold R & D capabilities, etc. The reason for this series are restricting the development tapping tee electrofusion mould of China's automobile mold industry leading automobile companies can not produce molds and dies to match the high-end market, high-end car manufacturers need to mold must also rely on imports. The domestic high-end enterprise occasionally die because of lack of production load, had to change the initial market positioning away seize, the low-end market. Although the survival of the enterprise to solve the problem, but because of the low-end market, low profit margins, leading to invest R & D and technological innovation rarely, under certain circumstances, a vicious cycle in which companies did not enter a virtuous cycle of development , the domestic mold companies are more high-end cars, making it faces increasingly fierce competition in the market. In addition to the domestic high-end automotive mold companies to meet the traditional mold enterprise Q (quality), C (cost), T (period) requirements, mold development and electrofusion coupling mould application of new technologies will become the focus of the future direction of domestic mold industry development. Multi-position progressive die and precision die represents the development direction of stamping dies, precision and demanding life, mainly for the electronic information industry, automotive, instrumentation, electrical appliances and other facilities. Both mold, the country has fairly basic, and has the introduction of foreign technology and equipment, the products of individual enterprises has reached the world level, but most companies are still a large gap, the total is also in short supply, import more.
For ultra large scale integrated circuit Bridge Bend mould package for more than 100 and a lead foot gap 0.2mm below the lead frame package for the accuracy of 5mm or more matching precision miniature connector for 1.6mm below the core support and micro-motors for the CRT electron gun and supporting the development of precision molds is a top priority.
According to statistics, last year China's key enterprises reached nearly 110 die, which accounts for about 37% of stamping dies, these data demonstrated a strong automotive mold manufacturing country, China has become a fact. However, the development of China's automotive die but not so ideal, high-end automotive mold enterprise technology is not up to the level of technological innovation capability, inadequate new mold R & D capabilities, etc. The reason for this series are restricting the development tapping tee electrofusion mould of China's automobile mold industry leading automobile companies can not produce molds and dies to match the high-end market, high-end car manufacturers need to mold must also rely on imports. The domestic high-end enterprise occasionally die because of lack of production load, had to change the initial market positioning away seize, the low-end market. Although the survival of the enterprise to solve the problem, but because of the low-end market, low profit margins, leading to invest R & D and technological innovation rarely, under certain circumstances, a vicious cycle in which companies did not enter a virtuous cycle of development , the domestic mold companies are more high-end cars, making it faces increasingly fierce competition in the market. In addition to the domestic high-end automotive mold companies to meet the traditional mold enterprise Q (quality), C (cost), T (period) requirements, mold development and electrofusion coupling mould application of new technologies will become the focus of the future direction of domestic mold industry development. Multi-position progressive die and precision die represents the development direction of stamping dies, precision and demanding life, mainly for the electronic information industry, automotive, instrumentation, electrical appliances and other facilities. Both mold, the country has fairly basic, and has the introduction of foreign technology and equipment, the products of individual enterprises has reached the world level, but most companies are still a large gap, the total is also in short supply, import more.
For ultra large scale integrated circuit Bridge Bend mould package for more than 100 and a lead foot gap 0.2mm below the lead frame package for the accuracy of 5mm or more matching precision miniature connector for 1.6mm below the core support and micro-motors for the CRT electron gun and supporting the development of precision molds is a top priority.
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